Wisdom Tooth Procedures

Understanding Wisdom Teeth

Wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are the last teeth to develop and appear in your mouth. They usually emerge in the late teens or early twenties. While they can be a valuable asset when healthy and properly aligned, problems can occur if they are misaligned or impacted (unable to fully break through the gum surface).

When Surgery Becomes Necessary

Surgery becomes necessary when wisdom teeth are prevented from properly breaking through the gum surface, often due to lack of space in the mouth. This can lead to pain, infection, and potential damage to surrounding teeth. Additionally, impacted wisdom teeth can cause cysts or tumours, leading to the destruction of the jawbone and healthy teeth.

Overview of the Wisdom Tooth Procedures

Wisdom tooth procedures involve the surgical removal of one or more wisdom teeth. The procedure is typically performed under local anaesthesia, sedation, or general anaesthesia, depending on the complexity of the case and the patient's comfort level.

Surgical Procedures Explained

• Surgical Removal of Wisdom Tooth: This involves the removal of a wisdom tooth that has fully emerged from the gums.
• Surgical Removal of Impacted Wisdom Tooth: This procedure is performed when a wisdom tooth is unable to fully emerge and becomes trapped between the jawbone and the gums.
• Coronectomy (Wisdom Tooth Crown Removal): This is a less invasive procedure where the crown of the wisdom tooth is removed, but the roots are left in place to avoid nerve damage.

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Causes of the Issues

Impacted wisdom teeth are often caused by insufficient space in the mouth, preventing the teeth from emerging properly. This can lead to various issues such as pain, infection, cysts, and damage to adjacent teeth.

Conditions Warranting Wisdom Tooth Procedures

Conditions warranting wisdom tooth procedures include persistent pain, recurrent infection, cysts, tumours, damage to adjacent teeth, and gum disease. Additionally, some people may choose to have their wisdom teeth removed as a preventative measure against potential future problems.

Related Concerns

Impacted wisdom teeth can lead to several complications, including pain, infection, damage to other teeth, cysts, and gum disease. In rare cases, tumours or cysts may form around the impacted wisdom tooth, leading to the destruction of the jawbone and healthy teeth.

Treatment Approaches

Treatment for wisdom tooth issues can range from monitoring the condition, to non-surgical treatments like antibiotics and oral rinses, to surgical removal of the tooth. The best treatment approach depends on the specific symptoms and conditions of the patient.

Alternatives to Surgery

Non-surgical treatment options for wisdom tooth issues include pain management, antibiotics for infections, and regular monitoring. However, these are often temporary solutions and surgery may eventually be required if symptoms persist or worsen.

Service Overview

Wisdom tooth procedures are surgical treatments designed to alleviate the problems caused by wisdom teeth, whether they are impacted or causing discomfort or damage to other teeth. The procedures range from a simple extraction to more complex surgery for impacted teeth or a coronectomy if there is a risk of nerve damage.

Benefits and Risks of Wisdom Tooth Procedures

Benefits of wisdom tooth procedures include relief from pain and discomfort, prevention of damage to adjacent teeth, and resolution of infection or gum disease. Risks can include pain, swelling, bleeding, infection, damage to nearby teeth or nerves, and dry socket (a painful condition that occurs when the blood clot that normally forms after extraction is lost too soon).

Preparation for Surgery

Preparation for wisdom tooth procedures may include a dental examination, X-rays, a review of your medical history, and a discussion about any medications you take. You may also be advised to avoid eating or drinking for several hours before the procedure if you're going to have sedation or general anaesthesia.

Pre-surgery Procedures and Checks

Upon arrival at the hospital or clinic, your identity, procedure and consent will be confirmed. Vital signs will be checked and preoperative medications may be given. The surgical area will be cleaned and prepared, and anaesthesia will be administered.

Step-by-Step Guide to Wisdom Tooth Procedures

1. Anaesthesia is administered.
2. An incision is made in the gum to expose the tooth and bone.
3. Any bone blocking access to the tooth root is removed.
4. The tooth is divided into sections if it's easier to remove in pieces.
5. The tooth is removed.
6. The site is cleaned of any debris from the tooth or bone.
7. The wound is stitched up to promote healing (though this isn't always necessary).
8. A gauze is placed over the extraction site to control bleeding and to help a blood clot form. ### Postoperative Care Postoperative care may include instructions on taking prescribed medications, managing normal postoperative discomfort and swelling with cold packs and over-the-counter medications, and maintaining oral hygiene with gentle cleaning and salt water rinses. ### Recovery and Rehabilitation Recovery from wisdom tooth procedures typically takes a few days. You'll likely experience some swelling and mild discomfort, which can be managed with prescribed or over-the-counter pain medication. A follow-up appointment will be scheduled to monitor your healing and to remove any stitches if they were used. ## References
9. NHS UK. Wisdom tooth removal. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/wisdom-tooth-removal/
10. Oral Health Foundation. Wisdom Teeth. https://www.dentalhealth.org/wisdom-teeth
11. British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Wisdom Teeth FAQs. https://www.baoms.org.uk/patients/conditions/8/wisdom_teeth_faqs
12. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Wisdom teeth - removal. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ipg282
13. British Dental Journal. Coronectomy (intentional partial odontectomy of lower third molars). https://www.nature.com/articles/sj.bdj.2018.628

• NHS UK. Wisdom tooth removal. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/wisdom-tooth-removal/
• Oral Health Foundation. Wisdom Teeth. https://www.dentalhealth.org/wisdom-teeth
• British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Wisdom Teeth FAQs. https://www.baoms.org.uk/patients/conditions/8/wisdom_teeth_faqs
• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Wisdom teeth - removal. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ipg282
• British Dental Journal. Coronectomy (intentional partial odontectomy of lower third molars). https://www.nature.com/articles/sj.bdj.2018.628